SIAPA YANG MENANGKAP NILAI? TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS DISTRIBUSI MANFAAT EKONOMI DAN MEKANISME PENANGKAPAN NILAI DALAM RANTAI NILAI TUNA GLOBAL WHO CAPTURES THE VALUE? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ECONOMIC BENEFIT DISTRIBUTION AND VALUE CAPTURE MECHANISMS IN GLOBAL T
Main Article Content
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Tuna merupakan komoditas laut yang sangat terintegrasi secara global, tetapi nilai ekonomi dari penangkapan, pengolahan, perdagangan, sertifikasi, logistik, dan ritel tidak selalu dinikmati secara proporsional oleh aktor dan komunitas yang paling bergantung pada sumber daya tersebut. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini menganalisis bagaimana manfaat ekonomi diciptakan, dikuasai, dan didistribusikan dalam rantai nilai tuna global. Protokol berbasis PRISMA mengidentifikasi 827 rekaman Scopus; setelah penyaringan tahun publikasi, jenis dokumen, bahasa, dan relevansi, 24 studi disintesis secara tematik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penangkapan nilai ditentukan oleh posisi aktor, kemampuan pengolahan dan rantai dingin, akses pembiayaan dan informasi pasar, sertifikasi, ketertelusuran, serta kekuatan tawar. Pada perikanan tuna artisanal Kenya, pengolah yang mayoritas perempuan mencatat margin laba bersih tertinggi sebesar 49,5%, sementara nelayan menghadapi keterbatasan pembiayaan, informasi, transportasi, dan infrastruktur pascapanen. Ketimpangan gender, kerentanan tenaga kerja, kualitas institusi, dan pengaturan sertifikasi turut memengaruhi distribusi manfaat. Kajian ini mengusulkan Tuna Value Capture Framework yang menghubungkan posisi aktor, kapabilitas upgrading, kekuatan pasar, tata kelola, dan inklusi sosial untuk mendorong distribusi nilai yang lebih adil.
Kata-Kata Kunci: rantai nilai tuna; distribusi manfaat ekonomi; penangkapan nilai; perikanan skala kecil; rantai nilai global
ABSTRACT
Tuna is a highly integrated global marine commodity, yet the economic value generated through harvesting, processing, trade, certification, logistics, and retail is not captured proportionately by the actors and communities most dependent on the resource. This systematic literature review examines how economic benefits are created, appropriated, and distributed across global tuna value chains. A PRISMA-informed protocol identified 827 Scopus records; after publication-year, document-type, language, and relevance screening, 24 studies were included in the thematic synthesis. Findings show that value capture is shaped by actor position, processing and cold-chain capability, access to finance and market information, certification, traceability, and bargaining power. In Kenya's artisanal tuna chain, processors, predominantly women, recorded the highest net profit margin (49.5%), while fishers faced constraints in finance, information, transport, and post-harvest infrastructure. Gender inequality, labour vulnerability, institutional quality, and certification arrangements further condition benefit distribution. The review proposes a Tuna Value Capture Framework linking actor position, upgrading capability, market power, governance, and social inclusion to support more equitable value distribution.
Keywords: tuna value chain; economic benefit distribution; value capture; small-scale fisheries; global value chains
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.